Some of the most affectionate and loving cats in shelters wait for a home far longer than they should. Not because of their personalities, but because of a diagnosis that is often misunderstood. August 8 is International Cat Day, and we’re exploring the differences between Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV), and how cats with these diseases can still live happy, healthy lives. 

Virus de la leucemia felina (FeLV) 

FeLV is a retrovirus that affects a cat’s immune system and bone marrow. FeLV can be spread between cats through close contact such as mutual grooming and sharing food bowls. Due to this, cats with FeLV are best for homes without other cats, or homes with only FeLV+ cats. Dogs, humans, and other animals are not affected by the virus. 

• Symptoms can include a loss of appetite, poor coat quality, light colored gums, and lethargy. However, sometimes there are no obvious signs. 

• It is often referred to as the “friendly cat” disease due to how easy it is for cats to contract it through forms of contact. 

• If your cat often spends time outdoors, it is important to consider getting the FeLV vaccination. 

A diagnosis of FeLV doesn’t mean a cat can’t live a happy and fulfilling life. While the virus may shorten their lifespan, many adult cats continue to thrive for years after diagnosis with the help of routine veterinary care and a loving home. 

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) 

FIV typically causes a cat’s immune system to weaken. FIV is a lentivirus, like HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in humans, but these viruses are not transmittable from cats to humans. Only cats can get FIV. FIV is passed through deep bite wounds, not casual contact such as sharing food bowls, grooming, or litter boxes. 

• FIV+ cats can live with other negative cats if they are friendly with each other. People, dogs, or other animals cannot have the disease transmitted to them. 

• Most FIV+ cats live ordinary lives with lots of cuddles, naps, and affection! 

• FIV can cause secondary infections which are often treatable if addressed in a timely manner with your vet. 

On this International Cat Day, remember that a diagnosis of FeLV or FIV is only one small part of a cat’s life story. With the right veterinary care and a responsible owner who understands their needs, many FeLV+ and FIV+ cats can enjoy long and happy lives.  

Now that you’ve learned the facts, you can help break the stigma that surrounds FeLV and FIV. By choosing to alentar, adoptar, voluntario, or simply  sharing this information, you can help create a better future for cats waiting for loving homes!